Tomossíntese mamária
uma mamografia melhor
Palavras-chave:
mamografia, programas de rastreamento, neoplasias da mamaResumo
Mamografia digital é um método excelente para detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Porém, a sobreposição das estruturas mamárias pode levar a resultados falso-positivos e falso-negativos. A tomossíntese mamária é dirigida para superar essa limitação da mamografia 2D convencional. O objetivo deste estudo é discutir os múltiplos aspectos relacionados a essa nova ferramenta, incluindo, através de uma revisão da literatura, seu papel no rastreamento do câncer de mama. A tomossíntese mamária, ou mamografia 3D, proporciona uma representação tridimensional da mama, com a habilidade de podermos visualizar as imagens reconstruídas em diversos planos, reduzindo o efeito da sobreposição. Isso conduz a uma melhora da sensibilidade e da especificidade no rastreamento mamográfico. Nos casos diagnósticos, aumenta a acurácia com melhor caracterização e localização das lesões. Estudos prospectivos e retrospectivos confirmam que, no rastreamento do câncer de mama, a tomossíntese mamária é superior à mamografia digital, com aumento da detecção de 27 a 53%, e na redução das reconvocações falso-positivas entre 17 e 30%. De 40 a 49% dos cânceres detectados pela tomossíntese foram invasivos: de 40 a 48% de grau histológico 2 ou 3 e mais de 75% foram linfonodo negativos. Tomossíntese mamária é a nova modalidade mais promissora para o rastreamento do câncer de mama. São necessários estudos adicionais com essa nova modalidade para a avaliação da redução dos cânceres de intervalo.
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Copyright (c) 2018 Vera Lucia Nunes Aguillar, Selma di Pace Bauab, Aron Belfer
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
