Há um tamanho seguro para a identificação do carcinoma mamário sem metástase linfonodal?
Palavras-chave:
neoplasia da mama, biópsia de linfonodo sentinela, excisão de linfonodo, recidiva, recidiva local de neoplasiaResumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de ausência de comprometimento anatomopatológico axilar em pacientes com axila clinicamente negativa, submetidas à linfadenectomia axilar (LA). Método: Estudo retrospectivo longitudinal que avaliou pacientes clinicamente com ausência de metástase axilar (N0), submetidas a tratamento oncológico no período de 1998 a 2001. Selecionaram-se pacientes no estádio clínico de I a III. Avaliou-se a relação entre a taxa de comprometimento anatomopatológico axilar, o tamanho do tumor e o estádio clínico T e TNM. Avaliou-se também o risco de recidiva locorregional (RLR) e de recidiva local axilar (RLA). Resultados: 519 pacientes clinicamente N0 foram selecionadas. Todas foram submetidas à LA, com o número médio de 18 linfonodos dissecados e 3,2 comprometidos. A taxa de doença metastática axilar foi de 47,2%. O tamanho do tumor e o estádio clínico estiveram associados à presença de metástase linfonodal axilar (p<0.001). Tumores de 6,1 a 8 cm apresentaram 78,6% de comprometimento, e em tumores maiores que 8,1 cm essa taxa foi de 100%. Quarenta pacientes eram T4-TNM, nos quais a taxa de comprometimento foi de 57,5%. A sobrevida específica aos 120 meses foi de 71,1%, a taxa de RLR foi de 6,9% (n=36) e a RLA de 0,4% (n=2). Conclusão: Em pacientes submetidas à linfadenectomia axilar, a taxa de recorrência axilar foi extremamente baixa. Há pacientes com tumores maiores que 5 cm e menores que 8 cm, T4-TNM, em que a axila se mostrou sem doença metastática axilar. Fazem-se necessários mais estudos prospectivos para avaliar a dissecção do linfonodo sentinela em casos selecionados de tumores T3 e T4 clínico, sendo a dissecção inaceitável para tumores com tamanho superior a 8,1 cm.
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Copyright (c) 2019 René Aloisio da Costa Vieira, Idam de Oliveira-Junior, Thaissa Daud de Faria Cavalin, Rhaissa Iara Magano Tabuti, Allini Mafra da Costa, Jorge Nahas Netto
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
